skim the milk: launch to the whales first
launch to the richest, keenest slice of the market at a premium and make getting in feel like a privilege. open the cheaper door later.
the play
Launch to the top of the market first, at a high price with a high bar to get in. The people below see who’s inside and want in too. Later you open a cheaper tier as its own launch.
Marketers call it price skimming: charge a high price to the buyers who want it most, then lower it to reach the price-sensitive ones.
what happened
| company | the skim | what happened next |
|---|---|---|
| Uber | launched in San Francisco in 2010 as a black-car service. TechCrunch put a ride at one and a half to two times a cab fare | UberX, the lower-priced tier, launched in beta in July 2012 and opened to all SF riders in January 2013. two years at the top end first |
| Superhuman | invite-only email at $30 a month, with a human onboarding session for every user | it stayed premium. 180,000 people on the waitlist by June 2019, more than 275,000 by February 2020 |
The skim filled the cheap tier too. When Uber took UberX out of beta in San Francisco in January 2013, it said riders “who relied on premium cars for business travel and nights on the town also embraced a more affordable choice.”
why it works
| lever | what it does |
|---|---|
| the price filters | the people who pay $30 a month for email have the problem badly. they’re the users worth learning from |
| scarcity pulls | a door you can’t walk through yet is something people talk about. Superhuman’s waitlist kept growing while it stayed invite-only |
| the top sets the taste | people copy the users they look up to. once the whales use it, the rest of the market follows them in |
| margin pays for hand-holding | a premium price funds a human per user. Superhuman’s head of growth says he personally onboarded hundreds of customers before hiring the first onboarding specialist |
| the cheap tier is a second launch | UberX gave Uber a fresh story two years in |
from my calls
attitude is the biggest way to create a pull rather than you have to go and push in sales.
it’s called skimming the milk strategy.
The way I tell the Uber story: send the Rolls Royce first. The Toyota can come two years later.
A DeFi lending team asked me how to launch. What I told them:
| move | why |
|---|---|
| the landing page says only who it’s for: holders above a high onchain threshold | the bar is the pitch. people check whether they qualify |
| no product explainer on the page. demos in person only | the whales get a conversation with you |
| go after 50 to 100 whales before thousands of small users | a handful of big holders moves the volume, and they bring the next ones |
| find them on public leaderboards and wallets linked to X, then DM them | onchain data already tells you who they are |
| never quote a small waitlist | ”don’t say i got 50 wait list.” a small number kills the pull |
cost vs payoff
| what | |
|---|---|
| cost | fewer users at the start. you turn most of the market away on purpose |
| cost | founder time on demos, calls and onboarding by hand |
| payoff | real revenue per user from day one |
| payoff | a waitlist that grows while you stay closed. Superhuman went from 180,000 to more than 275,000 in about eight months |
| payoff | a ready-made story when the cheaper tier opens |
how to steal it
| crypto app | consumer app | |
|---|---|---|
| who first | wallets above a high balance or volume threshold | people already paying for the premium option in your category |
| the gate | qualify onchain to get in, with the threshold on the landing page | invite-only, at a high monthly price |
| where to find them | public leaderboards, top holder lists, wallets linked to X | power users of the incumbent, paid communities |
| how to sell | DM, then a demo in person or on a call | a 1:1 onboarding call |
| when to widen | once the whales use it weekly and others ask to get in | once the waitlist is bigger than you can onboard by hand |
Run it like this:
- Write down the 50 to 100 people or wallets you want first.
- Put the bar on the landing page and leave the explainer for the call.
- DM them yourself and demo 1:1.
- Decide upfront what triggers the cheaper tier, and launch it as its own event.
watch-outs
| watch-out | what to do |
|---|---|
| a small public number kills the pull | keep the waitlist count private until it’s big |
| scarcity with nothing behind it | the whales have to actually use it. track their weekly activity |
| a few whales carry the volume | if two of them leave, your chart drops. track how concentrated usage is |
| staying premium too long | set the trigger for the cheaper tier before you launch. Uber took two years |
| whales split into many wallets (crypto) | check the threshold against linked wallets and a real person behind them |
sources
- Uber's Founding, by Travis Kalanick (Uber Newsroom, Dec 2010)
- Uber: An oral history (Fortune, Jun 2015)
- UberCab takes the hassle out of booking a car service (TechCrunch, Jul 2010)
- The history of Uber (Business Insider, May 2019)
- Uber opens up platform to non-limo vehicles with Uber X (TechCrunch, Jul 2012)
- Same class, less cash (Uber Newsroom, Jan 2013)
- Would you pay $30 a month to check your email? (The New York Times, Jun 2019)
- Meet the cult email client with a waitlist of 180K people (InsideHook, Jun 2019)
- Superhuman CEO Rahul Vohra on waitlists, freemium pricing and future products (TechCrunch, Feb 2020)
- Scaling with accidental exclusivity, Gaurav Vohra of Superhuman (podcast, Mar 2020)
- Superhuman onboarding playbook (First Round Review, Apr 2025)
- Price skimming (Corporate Finance Institute)